This specific firearm is a break-action, side-by-side shotgun manufactured by Stevens, a subsidiary of Savage Arms. Chambered for 12-gauge shotshells, it features two barrels mounted side-by-side, hence the “double barrel” designation. The “311” denotes the specific model within the Stevens lineup. This type of shotgun is commonly used for hunting small game and recreational shooting, prized for its simplicity, reliability, and affordability.
The affordability and straightforward design of this firearm contributed to its popularity among hunters and recreational shooters for many years. Its break-action design allows for easy loading and unloading, and the relatively simple mechanism requires minimal maintenance. While not as feature-rich as more modern shotguns, it serves its intended purpose effectively and represents a practical choice for those seeking a dependable and cost-effective option. Its history is rooted in a long tradition of American firearms manufacturing, appealing to a wide range of users.
Further exploration of this topic will delve into variations, manufacturing details, proper care and maintenance, and the role this firearm plays in the broader context of hunting and sporting shotguns.
1. Break-action Design
The break-action design is a defining characteristic of the Stevens Model 311 and other similar shotguns. This mechanism forms the core of its operation, influencing functionality, handling, and overall user experience. Understanding this design is fundamental to appreciating the firearm’s practicality and limitations.
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Mechanism:
The break-action design hinges the barrel(s) to the receiver, allowing the barrels to tilt downwards for loading and unloading. This action exposes the breech, enabling direct access for inserting and removing shells. The simplicity of this mechanism contributes to the firearm’s ease of maintenance and reliability.
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Safety and Security:
Opening the action automatically cocks the internal hammers and typically engages a safety mechanism, preventing accidental discharge. This inherent safety feature is integral to the break-action design. However, users must always prioritize safe gun handling practices.
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Practical Implications:
The break-action design limits the firearm to two shots before requiring reloading. While this may be a disadvantage in some scenarios, it promotes deliberate shooting and reinforces safe handling practices. It also generally results in a lighter and more compact firearm compared to repeating shotguns.
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Maintenance and Durability:
The relatively simple design of the break-action mechanism typically translates to easier cleaning and maintenance. Fewer moving parts reduce potential points of failure, contributing to the firearm’s overall durability. This straightforward design often makes it a reliable choice for field use.
The break-action design of the Stevens Model 311 contributes significantly to its identity as a practical and accessible firearm. While other action types offer higher rates of fire, the break-action’s simplicity, inherent safety features, and ease of maintenance solidify its place as a reliable choice for various applications.
2. 12 Gauge Chambering
The 12 gauge chambering is a critical defining feature of the Stevens Model 311. This designation signifies the firearm’s bore diameter and compatibility with 12 gauge shotshells. This chambering choice directly influences the shotgun’s performance, intended applications, and felt recoil. Selecting a 12 gauge chambering for this model reflects a balance between power, versatility, and manageable recoil.
12 gauge shotshells offer a wide variety of loads, from light target loads to heavy hunting loads, making the Stevens 311 suitable for diverse purposes. Birdshot, buckshot, and slugs are all readily available in 12 gauge, enabling use in hunting various game, from small birds to larger animals like deer (with slugs). This versatility contributes to the widespread adoption of 12 gauge shotguns for both hunting and recreational shooting. The relatively higher recoil of the 12 gauge, compared to smaller gauges like 20 gauge, is a consideration, particularly for novice shooters. However, manageable recoil makes the 12 gauge practical for a broad user base.
Understanding the implications of the 12 gauge chambering is essential for safe and effective use of the Stevens Model 311. Selecting appropriate ammunition for the intended purpose is paramount. Using excessively powerful loads can damage the firearm and increase the risk of injury. Conversely, using insufficiently powerful loads may not achieve the desired outcome in hunting or sporting scenarios. The 12 gauge chambering establishes the platform for the firearm’s capabilities and limitations, ultimately influencing its practicality and suitability for various applications.
3. Side-by-side Barrels
The side-by-side barrel configuration is a defining feature of the Stevens Model 311, distinguishing it from other shotgun types like over-unders or pump-action shotguns. This arrangement influences various aspects of the firearm’s handling, sighting, and overall performance. Understanding the implications of this configuration is crucial for effective use and appreciation of its design.
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Sighting Plane and Target Acquisition:
The side-by-side barrel configuration presents a wider sighting plane compared to over-under shotguns. This can facilitate faster target acquisition, particularly for moving targets in close range scenarios like upland bird hunting or clay shooting. The horizontal alignment of the barrels requires a slightly different sighting approach compared to single-barrel or over-under configurations.
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Recoil Management and Shooting Comfort:
Recoil forces are distributed differently in side-by-side shotguns due to the barrel arrangement. This can influence felt recoil and overall shooting comfort. While subjective, some shooters perceive side-by-side recoil as more manageable than other configurations. Barrel convergence, the slight inward angle of the barrels towards the muzzle, plays a role in recoil management and shot pattern distribution.
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Traditional Aesthetics and Design:
Side-by-side shotguns possess a classic and often elegant aesthetic, evoking a sense of tradition and craftsmanship. This design has enduring appeal among enthusiasts and collectors. The Stevens Model 311, while a utilitarian firearm, benefits from this classic aesthetic, contributing to its appeal.
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Practical Considerations and Limitations:
The side-by-side configuration can present challenges in certain shooting situations. Slight differences in point of impact between the two barrels require careful sighting and adjustment. The wider profile may also be less suitable for tight shooting positions compared to more streamlined shotgun designs. Understanding these limitations allows for effective adaptation and informed ammunition selection.
The side-by-side barrel configuration of the Stevens Model 311 contributes significantly to its unique characteristics. While presenting specific advantages and disadvantages compared to other shotgun types, it defines the firearm’s identity and influences its suitability for various shooting disciplines. Understanding the nuances of this configuration is essential for maximizing performance and appreciating its historical significance.
4. Affordable Price Point
The Stevens Model 311’s affordability significantly contributes to its popularity, particularly among new shooters, hunters on a budget, and those seeking a reliable, functional firearm without premium features. This affordability results from several factors, including design simplicity, materials selection, and manufacturing processes. The break-action design, while limiting shot capacity, requires fewer complex components compared to semi-automatic or pump-action shotguns. This inherently reduces manufacturing costs. Material choices, often utilizing less expensive alloys and wood types compared to high-end firearms, further contribute to cost-effectiveness without significantly compromising functionality or durability. Streamlined manufacturing processes, emphasizing efficiency and scale, also play a role in achieving an affordable price point. This allows broader market accessibility, positioning the Stevens 311 as an entry-level option within the shotgun market.
The practical implications of this affordability are substantial. Lower cost of entry expands access to hunting and shooting sports, diversifying participation and fostering wider engagement. For example, a novice hunter can acquire a dependable firearm like the Stevens 311 without a significant financial outlay. This accessibility facilitates participation in hunting traditions and wildlife management practices. Similarly, individuals seeking recreational shooting opportunities find the Stevens 311’s price attractive. This allows participation in clay shooting, target practice, and other shooting sports without the financial barrier associated with more expensive firearms. This affordability, however, sometimes results in compromises in fit, finish, and features compared to higher-priced models. Potential buyers must balance budget considerations with individual needs and expectations.
The Stevens Model 311’s affordability strategically positions it within the firearms market. This allows greater accessibility for a wider range of users, contributing significantly to its popularity. While this affordability may entail certain trade-offs in terms of premium features or refined aesthetics, the firearm’s core functionality and reliability remain central to its enduring appeal. Understanding the connection between affordability and the Stevens 311 provides valuable context for evaluating its role in the broader landscape of hunting and shooting sports.
5. Simple Operation
The Stevens Model 311’s simple operation is a key characteristic contributing to its enduring popularity, particularly among novice users and those prioritizing functionality over complexity. This simplicity stems from the straightforward break-action design and minimal reliance on intricate mechanisms. This ease of use fosters confidence and encourages safe handling practices, making it an attractive option for a broad range of users.
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Loading and Unloading:
The break-action design simplifies loading and unloading procedures. Opening the action exposes the chambers for direct insertion and removal of shells, eliminating complex loading mechanisms. This straightforward process contributes to the firearm’s user-friendliness and reduces the likelihood of operational errors. This simple loading procedure is especially beneficial for new shooters or those in field conditions where quick and efficient reloading is essential.
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Basic Operation and Function:
The Stevens 311 operates on a fundamental mechanical principle: opening the action cocks the hammers and prepares the firearm for firing. Closing the action and engaging the safety completes the loading cycle. This simplicity minimizes potential points of failure and contributes to the firearm’s overall reliability. The absence of complex mechanisms, such as those found in semi-automatic or pump-action shotguns, reduces the need for extensive user training or specialized maintenance.
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Maintenance and Cleaning:
The simple design translates to straightforward maintenance and cleaning procedures. Accessing the barrels and chambers for cleaning is easily achieved through the break-action mechanism. This ease of maintenance promotes regular cleaning, contributing to the firearm’s longevity and consistent performance. The minimal number of moving parts simplifies disassembly and reassembly, making routine cleaning a manageable task even for less experienced users.
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Safety Mechanisms:
While simple in operation, the Stevens 311 incorporates essential safety features, typically including a manual safety and an automatic safety engaged when the action is opened. These mechanisms prevent accidental discharge and reinforce safe handling practices. The simple and readily accessible safety features contribute to the firearm’s suitability for novice users, emphasizing safe gun handling as a primary concern.
The Stevens Model 311’s simple operation complements its functional design and affordable price point, contributing to its widespread use. This simplicity, while potentially limiting in terms of features or rapid firing capability, directly addresses the needs of users prioritizing ease of use, reliability, and safe handling. This combination of factors solidifies the Stevens 311s position as a practical and accessible firearm for a diverse range of applications.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the Stevens Model 311 12 gauge double barrel shotgun, providing concise and informative responses.
Question 1: What type of ammunition is suitable for this firearm?
The Stevens Model 311 is chambered for 12 gauge shotshells. Appropriate ammunition selection depends on the intended application, ranging from birdshot for small game and clay targets to buckshot for larger game or slugs for deer hunting. Consulting manufacturer recommendations and ammunition specifications is crucial for safe and effective use.
Question 2: How does the break-action mechanism function?
The break-action design hinges the barrels to the receiver. Opening the action by moving the lever downward allows the barrels to tilt open, exposing the chambers for loading and unloading. Closing the action locks the barrels securely into place. This simple and robust design contributes to ease of operation and maintenance.
Question 3: What are the primary applications of this shotgun?
The Stevens Model 311 is commonly used for hunting small game, upland birds, and recreational shooting activities like clay target sports. Its versatility across various shooting disciplines makes it a practical choice for both novice and experienced shooters.
Question 4: What are the key maintenance requirements?
Regular cleaning and lubrication are essential for maintaining the firearm’s functionality and longevity. Cleaning the barrels, chambers, and moving parts after each use helps prevent corrosion and ensures reliable operation. Consulting the owner’s manual for specific maintenance instructions is recommended.
Question 5: How does this model compare to pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns?
The Stevens 311’s break-action design limits capacity to two shots. Pump-action and semi-automatic shotguns offer higher capacities and faster rates of fire. However, the Stevens 311’s simplicity, affordability, and ease of maintenance distinguish it within the shotgun market.
Question 6: Are there different variations of the Stevens Model 311?
Variations exist, including different barrel lengths, choke configurations, and stock materials. Specific features and configurations may vary depending on the production year and intended market. Researching specific variations provides a more comprehensive understanding of available options.
Careful consideration of these frequently asked questions provides foundational knowledge for responsible and informed use of the Stevens Model 311 12 gauge double barrel shotgun. Further research and practical experience enhance understanding and safe handling practices.
The following sections will explore further topics related to the Stevens Model 311, including its historical context, variations within the model line, and comparisons with other prominent shotgun models.
Stevens Model 311 12 Gauge Double Barrel Shotgun
These tips provide practical guidance for handling and maintaining a Stevens Model 311, emphasizing safe gun handling practices and responsible firearm ownership. Adherence to these guidelines contributes significantly to a positive and safe shooting experience.
Tip 1: Safe Gun Handling Practices: Always treat any firearm as if it were loaded. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction at all times. Never point the firearm at anything one is not willing to destroy. Keep fingers off the trigger until ready to fire. Positive identification of the target and its surroundings is paramount before considering firing.
Tip 2: Proper Ammunition Selection: Utilize ammunition appropriate for the intended purpose. Using incorrect or improperly loaded ammunition can damage the firearm and pose a safety hazard. Refer to the owner’s manual and ammunition manufacturer specifications for guidance. Matching the ammunition to the intended target ensures effective results and minimizes risks.
Tip 3: Secure Storage: Store the firearm unloaded and in a secure location, inaccessible to unauthorized individuals, especially children. Utilizing a gun safe or other secure storage solution is crucial for responsible firearm ownership.
Tip 4: Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Regularly clean and maintain the firearm according to manufacturer recommendations. This includes cleaning the barrels, chambers, and action after each use. Proper lubrication of moving parts ensures reliable function and extends the firearm’s lifespan.
Tip 5: Action Manipulation and Safety: Familiarize oneself with the proper operation of the break-action mechanism and safety features. Ensure understanding of how to open, close, and secure the action, and verify the engagement and disengagement of the safety mechanism.
Tip 6: Understanding Chokes and Shot Patterns: Different choke constrictions influence shot pattern spread. Selecting the appropriate choke for the intended target distance and type is essential for effective shot placement. Consult resources on choke selection for optimal performance.
Tip 7: Professional Guidance: Seek professional guidance from certified firearms instructors or experienced shooters. Hands-on training enhances safe handling practices and provides valuable insights for effective firearm utilization. Professional instruction complements theoretical knowledge with practical application.
Adhering to these tips promotes responsible firearm ownership and cultivates safe gun handling habits. Consistent practice and attention to detail contribute significantly to a safe and rewarding shooting experience. Prioritizing safety above all else ensures the responsible and ethical enjoyment of this firearm.
The concluding section provides a comprehensive summary of key points and reinforces the importance of responsible firearm ownership and ongoing learning.
Concluding Remarks
This exploration of the Stevens Model 311 12 gauge double barrel shotgun has provided a comprehensive overview of its key features, functionality, and place within the broader context of firearms. From its break-action design and 12 gauge chambering to its affordability and simple operation, the examination reveals a firearm designed for practicality and accessibility. The discussion encompassed design elements, operational considerations, maintenance requirements, and safe handling practices, offering a holistic understanding of this widely used shotgun.
The Stevens Model 311’s enduring presence signifies its enduring utility and appeal to a diverse range of users. Its affordability facilitates entry into shooting sports and hunting, while its straightforward design promotes ease of use and maintenance. Continued appreciation for this classic firearm requires responsible ownership, adherence to safe gun handling practices, and ongoing education. Further research into specific variations, historical context, and comparative analyses with other shotgun models can enrich understanding and foster informed decision-making.