This specific firearm is a break-action shotgun manufactured by Stevens, a historic American firearms company. The designation “Model 311” signifies a particular model within their product line, known for its affordability and utility. “Side-by-side” refers to the barrel configuration, where two barrels are positioned horizontally alongside each other. Finally, “12 gauge” indicates the bore diameter of the barrels, a common and versatile shotshell size.
These shotguns served generations of hunters and recreational shooters, gaining popularity due to their relatively low cost and effective performance. The simple, robust design made them easy to maintain and reliable in the field. While mass-produced, these firearms represent a segment of American firearms history, reflecting a practical approach to shotgun design. Their enduring presence on the used market speaks to their durability and continuing appeal.
Further exploration of this firearm can delve into topics such as its variations, manufacturing history, market value, proper maintenance procedures, safe handling practices, and its role within the broader context of shotgun design and usage.
1. Affordable Utility Shotgun
The designation “affordable utility shotgun” aptly describes the Stevens Model 311 side-by-side 12 gauge. Its affordability stemmed from a combination of factors, including its simple design, readily available materials, and streamlined manufacturing processes. This made the shotgun accessible to a wider range of individuals, including those with limited budgets. The “utility” aspect highlights the shotgun’s versatility for various tasks, such as hunting small game, upland birds, or recreational clay target shooting. A single Model 311 could serve multiple purposes, further enhancing its value proposition. For instance, a farmer might use the same shotgun for pest control and occasional hunting trips, eliminating the need for multiple, specialized firearms.
This affordability and utility contributed significantly to the Model 311’s popularity. It became a common choice for beginners and experienced shooters alike who sought a practical and functional shotgun without a significant financial investment. Unlike more expensive, elaborately decorated firearms, the Model 311 prioritized function over form. This focus allowed Stevens to keep production costs low, benefiting consumers. This practicality also extended to the shotgun’s maintenance. Its simple design made cleaning and basic repairs relatively straightforward, further reducing the overall cost of ownership.
Understanding the Model 311’s role as an affordable utility shotgun provides valuable context for assessing its place within the broader firearms market. While not designed for competition or specialized hunting applications, it fulfilled a crucial need for a reliable, versatile, and budget-friendly firearm. This accessibility played a role in democratizing hunting and shooting sports, making them available to individuals who might otherwise have been excluded due to cost barriers. The Model 311 represents a practical approach to firearm design, emphasizing function and affordability without sacrificing reliability.
2. Simple Break-Action Design
The Stevens Model 311’s simple break-action design is integral to its identity and enduring appeal. This design hinges upon a straightforward mechanism: the barrel(s) hinge downward, exposing the breech for loading and unloading. This simplicity offers several advantages. First, it reduces the number of moving parts, contributing to enhanced reliability and decreased susceptibility to malfunctions. Fewer components mean fewer potential points of failure, particularly beneficial in harsh field conditions. Second, the break-action design facilitates easy cleaning and maintenance. Direct access to the breech and barrels simplifies the removal of spent shells, powder residue, and other debris. This ease of maintenance contributes to the firearm’s longevity and consistent performance.
Consider a hunter in the field. A break-action shotgun allows for quick unloading and reloading between shots, essential for adapting to changing hunting scenarios. Moreover, the absence of a complex loading mechanism, as found in pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns, reduces the chances of a jam or malfunction at a critical moment. This reliability can be crucial for safety and hunting success. Another example lies in the use of the Model 311 for recreational clay target shooting. The break-action design provides a clear and controlled method for loading and unloading, promoting safe handling practices on the range.
The break-action design’s simplicity translates to reduced manufacturing costs, contributing to the Model 311’s affordability. This design choice, while seemingly basic, underscores the shotgun’s focus on practicality and function. While other shotgun designs offer higher rates of fire, the break-action system inherent in the Model 311 prioritizes reliability, ease of maintenance, and affordability, aligning with its intended purpose as a utilitarian firearm. This understanding provides valuable insight into the Model 311’s lasting presence in the firearms market, highlighting the enduring appeal of a simple, yet effective design.
3. Common 12 Gauge Chambering
The Stevens Model 311’s chambering for the 12 gauge shotshell significantly contributes to its practicality and widespread use. The 12 gauge designation refers to the bore diameter of the shotgun’s barrels, a standardized measurement originating from the number of lead balls, each with a diameter equal to the bore, that make up one pound. The 12 gauge’s prevalence translates to readily available ammunition in a wide variety of loads, from light target loads to heavy hunting loads. This ammunition availability makes the Model 311 suitable for diverse applications and reduces logistical challenges for owners.
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Versatility in Ammunition Choice
12 gauge ammunition offers a broad spectrum of choices regarding shot size, weight, and velocity. This versatility allows users to tailor their ammunition selection to the specific task at hand. For instance, a hunter might use birdshot for smaller game like dove or quail, while buckshot or slugs would be more appropriate for larger game such as deer. This adaptability extends the Model 311’s utility across different hunting and sporting scenarios.
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Widespread Availability and Cost-Effectiveness
The ubiquity of 12 gauge ammunition ensures its availability across various retailers, both physical stores and online platforms. This widespread availability contributes to competitive pricing, making 12 gauge ammunition generally more affordable than less common gauges. This cost-effectiveness aligns with the Model 311’s overall affordability, making it an economical choice for both acquisition and operation.
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Effective Stopping Power
The 12 gauge offers considerable stopping power, particularly with heavier loads. This makes it suitable for hunting a variety of game, contributing to its popularity among hunters. While manageable recoil varies depending on the specific load and individual shooter, the 12 gauge’s effectiveness is a key factor in its widespread adoption for hunting purposes.
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Suitability for Clay Target Shooting
The 12 gauge is well-suited for recreational clay target shooting due to the availability of lighter target loads with reduced recoil. This allows for comfortable and extended shooting sessions, making the Model 311 suitable for both novice and experienced clay target enthusiasts. The widespread use of 12 gauge in competitive clay shooting further reinforces its suitability for this purpose.
The selection of the 12 gauge chambering for the Stevens Model 311 reinforces its position as a versatile and practical firearm. The combination of ammunition availability, versatility in load selection, cost-effectiveness, and effective stopping power contributes to the shotgun’s suitability for a variety of applications. This underscores the deliberate design choices that shaped the Model 311 into a widely accessible and utilitarian firearm.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses common inquiries regarding the Stevens Model 311 side-by-side 12 gauge shotgun, providing concise and informative responses.
Question 1: What are the typical barrel lengths available for this shotgun?
Common barrel lengths range from 26 to 30 inches, with 28 inches being a frequent configuration. Specific lengths may vary depending on the model variation and intended use.
Question 2: What is the approximate weight of a Stevens Model 311?
Weight typically ranges from 6.5 to 7.5 pounds, depending on barrel length and specific features. This relatively light weight contributes to ease of handling and portability in the field.
Question 3: Are these shotguns still in production?
Stevens no longer manufactures the Model 311. However, they remain widely available on the used market. Savage Arms, the parent company of Stevens, offers contemporary side-by-side shotguns.
Question 4: What type of chokes are commonly found on these shotguns?
Many Model 311 shotguns feature fixed chokes, often a combination of improved cylinder and modified. Some variations may have interchangeable choke tubes.
Question 5: What are the recommended maintenance procedures for a Stevens Model 311?
Regular cleaning after each use is essential. This includes cleaning the barrels, breech face, and moving parts. Periodic lubrication is also recommended. Consulting a qualified gunsmith for detailed maintenance or repairs is advisable.
Question 6: What safety precautions should be observed when handling this firearm?
Always treat any firearm as if it were loaded. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Ensure the action is open and the firearm is unloaded before cleaning or transporting. Familiarize oneself with and adhere to all applicable local, state, and federal firearms safety regulations.
Understanding the characteristics and proper handling procedures of this firearm is crucial for safe and responsible use. Further research and consultation with experienced firearm owners or professionals are encouraged.
The next section will delve into the historical context of the Stevens Model 311, exploring its development and place within the broader history of Stevens and Savage Arms.
Tips for Handling and Maintaining a Stevens Model 311 Side-by-Side 12 Gauge
This section provides practical guidance for the safe and effective handling and maintenance of this specific firearm. Adherence to these recommendations contributes to safe operation and prolongs the firearm’s lifespan.
Tip 1: Verify Chamber Condition Before Handling
Always check the chamber to ensure the firearm is unloaded before handling. Visually inspect the chamber and physically confirm its emptiness. This practice is paramount for safe gun handling.
Tip 2: Control Muzzle Direction
Maintain constant awareness of muzzle direction. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction at all times, regardless of whether the firearm is believed to be loaded. This fundamental safety principle prevents accidental discharge incidents.
Tip 3: Utilize Proper Ammunition
Employ only 12 gauge ammunition appropriate for the intended purpose. Using incorrect or improperly reloaded ammunition can cause firearm damage and pose significant safety risks.
Tip 4: Clean After Each Use
Thorough cleaning after each use is crucial for maintaining optimal firearm function and longevity. Disassemble the firearm according to the manufacturer’s instructions and clean all components to remove fouling and debris.
Tip 5: Lubricate Moving Parts
Regular lubrication of moving parts ensures smooth operation and prevents excessive wear. Use a suitable firearm lubricant and apply it sparingly to designated areas. Avoid over-lubrication, which can attract debris.
Tip 6: Inspect for Wear and Damage
Periodically inspect the firearm for signs of wear, damage, or malfunction. If any issues are detected, consult a qualified gunsmith for professional assessment and repair. Ignoring potential problems can compromise safety and firearm performance.
Tip 7: Secure Storage
Store the firearm unloaded and in a secure location, inaccessible to unauthorized individuals. Proper storage safeguards against theft and accidental access, contributing to responsible firearm ownership.
Adherence to these tips promotes the safe and responsible handling of the Stevens Model 311 side-by-side 12 gauge. Consistent maintenance and proper storage practices contribute to the firearm’s longevity and ensure its continued reliable operation. These practices reflect a commitment to firearm safety and responsible ownership.
The concluding section will summarize key information regarding the Stevens Model 311 side-by-side 12 gauge, providing a concise overview of its characteristics and significance.
Concluding Remarks
This exploration of the Stevens Model 311 side-by-side 12 gauge shotgun has provided a comprehensive overview of its key features, design elements, and historical context. From its simple break-action design and common 12 gauge chambering to its affordability and practical utility, the Model 311 represents a significant segment of American firearms history. Its enduring presence in the used market testifies to its robust construction and lasting appeal among hunters and recreational shooters. The discussion encompassed practical considerations, including safe handling procedures, maintenance tips, and frequently asked questions, offering valuable insights for current and prospective owners.
The Stevens Model 311’s legacy extends beyond its mechanical specifications. It embodies a practical approach to firearm design, prioritizing function, affordability, and reliability. While manufacturing of this specific model has ceased, its influence persists, shaping perceptions of utilitarian firearms. Further research into the broader history of Stevens and Savage Arms can provide a deeper understanding of this firearm’s place within the evolving landscape of American firearms manufacturing. Preserving and appreciating these historical firearms offers valuable lessons in design philosophy and the enduring appeal of simple, yet effective, engineering solutions.